Advance Protection in Power System Course

Course Overview:

The course is designed to discuss the essential features of electrical systems and equipment in the context of safety and reliability and to enable the participants to assess, manage and improve the safety and reliability of electrical systems.

The course focuses on fault analysis, system grounding, basic concepts about relays, and transformer, generator, motor, and busbar protection techniques. 

The participants will also be familiarized with fuses, circuit breakers, and instrument transformers, and other advanced topics such as the principles of coordination, feeder protection, and distance relays. 

Theoretical concepts, fault analysis, nuisance setting and testing of relays are included to have a practice-oriented approach. For engineers, technicians, and operators, the course bridges the gap between traditional protection and modern protection concepts.

Course Objectives:

Participants attending this program will gain a detailed appreciation of the following:

• The need for protection
• An overview of power system fault analysis
• Protection fundamentals
• Relay transducers, both current and future
• System grounding principles
• Over current earth fault protection
• Coordination principles
• Transformer protection
• Generator protection
• Bus protection
• Motor protection
• Line and feeder protection
• Principles of relay application

Who Should Attend?

·        Electrical Engineers

·        Project Engineers

·        Design Engineers

·        Instrumentation and Design Engineers

·        Electrical Technicians

·        Field Technicians

·        Electricians

·        Plant Operators

Course Outlines:

Need For Protection

• Selectivity, stability, sensitivity, speed, reliability, dependability, security

Fault Types & Their Effects

• Active, incipient, passive, transient, asymmetrical
• Phase & earth faults

Simple Calculation of Short

Circuit Currents

• Revision of simple formulae
• Calculation of short circuit MVA & fault currents
• Worked examples

System Earthling        

• Solid, impedance, touch potentials
• Effect of electric shock
• Earth leakage protection

Protection System Components

Including Fuses

• History, construction & characteristics
• Energy let through & applications

Instrument Transformers

• Current transformers: construction, performance, specification, magnetization curves
• Voltage transformers: types, accuracy, connections

Circuit Breakers

• Purpose & duty, clearance times, types

Tripping Batteries

• Battery types, chargers, maintenance, D.C. circuitry

Relays

• Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) relay
• Construction principles and setting
• Calculation of settings - practical examples
• New Era - modern numerical relays & future trends

Practical Demonstrations And Sessions

• Including simple fault calculations and relay settings

Co-Ordination by Time Grading

• Problems in applying IDMT relays

Low Voltage Networks

• Air & molded circuit breakers
• Construction and installation
• Protection tripping characteristics
• Selective co-ordination (current limiting, earth leakage protection, cascading)

Principles of Unit Protection

• Differential protection - basic principles

Feeder Protection

• Cables
• Pilot wire differential
• Overhead lines
• Distance protection (basic principles, characteristics, various schemes)

Transformer Protection

• Phase shift, magnetizing in-rush, inter-turn, core & tank faults
• Differential & restricted earth fault schemes
• Bucholz relay, oil & winding temperature
• Oil - testing & gas analysis

Switchgear (Busbar) Protection

• Requirements, zones, types
• Frame leakage
• Reverse blocking
• High, medium & low impedance schemes

Motor Protection

• Thermal overload, time constraints, early relays, starting & stalling conditions
• Unbalanced supply voltages, negative sequence currents, de-rating factors
• Phase faults protection
• Earth faults - core balance, residual stabilizing resistors

Generator Protection

• Stator & rotor faults
• Overload & over-voltage
• Reverse power, unbalanced loading
• Loss of excitation and synchronism
• Typical protection scheme for industrial generators

Overhead Line Protection

• Basic principles of the distance relay
• Tripping characteristics
• Application onto power lines
• Effect of load current & arc resistance
• Various schemes using power line carrier

Management of Protection

• Routine & annual testing, investigation and performance assessment, upgrading

see more: Advanced and Design of Modern Electrical Distribution Systems Technology Course